Gas-incandescent



No M el.)

te Jan. P

A a n. .N.... A .8... .8 N. s N\ N.. N.\ NN ..W.......... W NN NN 0. .h N N .M NN N i..

.ou v N fi n n o uv n un n nn uu w vwuflwvwwvw uwm 4o. 8 i .w IN v.... 5 .8 8 3 3 0.... 8 .N -8% ....A I n .w 4 0. 8&8" ..ui i". n.... ...wo.. w v y A 8% ...N........ N....: 3 M o %& n 0 0 ..Q. O. o r 0M3... 0 3 8 ..v 0 3 3 3 0 0.0.6. www WNMWN NMWNMW MM u..vNMQ.M .N 1 .4 0 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE.

"HAROLD J. BELL, OF GLOUCESTERCITY, ASSIGNOR TO THE \VELSBACH IN- CANDESCENT GAS LIGHT COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NE\V JERSEY.

GAS-INCANDESCENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 396,322, dated January 15, 1889.

Application filed July 2, 1888. Serial No. 278,738. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HAROLD J. BELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gloucester City, in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas-Incandescents, of which the following is a-specification.

This invention relates to gas-incandescents of the character known as mantles or tu- IO bular hoods, which are made by saturating a loosely-woven fabric of cotton threads witha solution of the salts of the rar'er metals that produce earthy oxides, and subsequently burning out the textile fabric-in such a man- I 5 ner as to leave a skeleton-like frame or mantle consisting of a net-work ofthe earthy oxides resulting from the decomposition of the salts contained in the solution with which the fabric was treated.

2o Heretofore thetextile fabric in tubular form has been cut into suitable lengths for mantles, each of which is re-enforced at its upper end by turning a portion of the tubular fabric inward, either before or after saturation of the fabric, a fine platinum wire being subsequently threaded through the upper turnedin portion of the tubular textile frame to draw that end together, leaving a contracted rounded aperture at the top, said wire or wires be- 0 i-ng extended beyond the textile tube, on opposite sides, for attachment to a horizontal ring on the end of a rod, by which the completed mantle is to be supported above a burner. This manner of suspendingthcman- 3 5 tle during the process of manufacture and for subsequent use as an incandescent device does very well in the case of mantles of moderate diameter, which are subjected to but little strain while held in a suspended position. hemhowever, the mantle is made of large diameter, for the purpose of affording an extensive incandescing-surface, it becomes necessary to provide adequate means for suspending it in such a manner that the increased strain due to its large diameter will not cause it to sag or collapse at any point, the object being to maintain the mantle in a symmetrical rounded form, curving around and above the flame, so as to attain the best illuminating effects with economy in consumption of gas .for burning out the textile material.

and in the duration or life of the mantle,which can be made to endure much longer by pre serving its proper form. This is accomplished by re-enforcing or doubling the upper end of the large mantle to a greater depth than is required in mantles of small diameter employing a platinum wire at or near the upper turned-in edge of the tubular fabric simply for the purpose of gathering that end into proper form with the usual rounded aperture, and, finally, by threading a platinum wire in a circular directibn around and through the lower edge of the turned-in portion or re-enforcement and through the body of the fabric opposite said edge, and attaching doubled and diverging platinum suspending-wires, preferably four in number at eight equldistant points on the circularly-arranged platinum wire, thus enabling the mantle to be supported without strain from points at such distance 7 below its top as will correspond very nearly with its f ull diameter,which is thus maintained in a substantially rounded form throughout.

The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1. represents the tubular mantle fab-- ric of textile net-work with its upper end turned inward or doubled to form a re-enforcement. Fig. 2 shows the tubular net-work gathered at the top by a platinum wire, with another platinum wire threaded through the fabric at the lower edge of the re-enforced portion. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the mantle fabric suspended from its support and ready 7 Fig. 4 is a plan of the same, showing the arrangement of the platinum suspending-wires.

By referring to the drawings, it will be observed that the numeral 1 designates the tubular mantle fabric; 2, its upper turned-in, doubled, or re-enforced portion; 3, the platinum wire by which the upper end of the tubular fabric is gathered; 4, the contracted aperture thus formed in the upper end of the mantle; 5, the circular platinum wirefpassed through the lower edge of the re-enforcement and through the corresponding body portion of the mantle; 6, the doubled and diverging platinum suspending-wires; 7, the ring to which said suspending-wires are attached, IOO

and 8 the supporting-rod to which said ring is attached or on which it is formed.

The platinunt snspending wires 0 are doubled, and the ends of the several wires are attached at different points to the circularlyarranged platinum wire 5, there being eight points of attachment, at uniform distances apart, when four suspending-wires are used, as shown in Fig. 4.

I do not wish to confine myself to any particular number of su spen din g-wi resas three, five, or a greater number maybe used instead of four; but I prefer to employ four of these wires,with their eight equidistant points of attachment, as shown, thereby preserving a more perfectly circular form of mantle; and even it the circular arrangement of the platinum wire 5 should be affected by the attachment of the suspendin g-wires at ei ghtpoi nts, any ten den cy to draw the wire 5 into an octagonal path would not apprcciabl y alter the circular term of the mantle.

The doubled and diverging suspendingwires 6 are attached, to the ring 7 by simply twisting or coiling said wires around the ring at suitable intervals to sl'ipport the mantle in a central position, sufficient slack being afforded to permit the lower edge of the re-enforced portion of the mantle to sink slightly below the supporting-ring, as shown in Fig. I). By this means the strain on the wire 5 and attached mantle is reduced to a minimum, and 1 the mantle will maintain its proper rounded form without any liability to collapse under the eitects of ordinary usage.

Having been prepared and attached to its support in the manner above described, the mantle fabric, which has been previously treated with a solution of metallic salts in the well-known manner, is fired to consume the textile .material, and the resulting mantle of refractory oxides is left attached to its support for subsequent use as an incandescent presence of two witnesses.

II. J. BELL. \Vitnesses:

JAMES L. NoRRis, JAMES A. RUTHERFORD. 

